• Exemplary Сasual Dating -...
  Forum: Architecture
  Last Post: prabodh
  04-23-2024, 06:08 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 17
• RPSC ATP (Assistant Town ...
  Forum: Architectural Training, Internship and Jobs
  Last Post: Shreya Rao
  04-17-2024, 08:53 AM
  » Replies: 1
  » Views: 48
• Harmada Farm House Jaipur
  Forum: House
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  04-11-2024, 10:49 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 38
• Shree Ram Enclave
  Forum: Commercial
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  04-11-2024, 09:05 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 21
• Latest Amendment in Rajas...
  Forum: Building By-Laws and Building Codes
  Last Post: manish72
  04-06-2024, 06:13 AM
  » Replies: 1
  » Views: 3,757
• Swaraj Institute CECOEDEC...
  Forum: Institutional
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  04-04-2024, 08:03 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 48
• Ambabari Residence, Jaipu...
  Forum: House
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  04-04-2024, 06:57 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 33
• Namaha Buildcon Villa at ...
  Forum: House
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  04-03-2024, 10:01 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 51
• Star Sky Apartment, Gango...
  Forum: Commercial
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  03-30-2024, 12:11 PM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 39
• Chak Jobner Farm House
  Forum: House
  Last Post: Manish Jain
  03-26-2024, 09:21 AM
  » Replies: 0
  » Views: 58

• Forum posts:4,422
• Forum threads:3,324
• Members:8,096
• Latest member:ministryofsmile

RISK OF SOIL & ROCK SLIDING
• Study the soil characteristics such as its
load bearing strength, angle of repose for
soil required etc.
• Collect information about underground
utilities from relevant sources.
• Do not keep excavated earth or any
other load just at the edge of excavation.
• Resort to step cutting where chances of
subsidence are more.
• Provision of safe means of access &
egress to workers.
• Barricade the excavated pit and display
caution signs conspicuously.

RISK OF FAILURE OF SCAFFOLDING

RISK OF FAILURE OF LADDERS

Keep the work place clean

Keep the work place illuminated

Free access to fire fighting equipment, safety appliances and fire water hydrants.

Do not leave tools, tackles, nuts, bolts and other equipment in walkways, on
pipe racks, staircases or any vulnerable place wherefrom it can fall or create trip hazard.

Do not throw material from high elevation. Always lower it by means of
a rope.

• While carrying out any welding job check for proper earthing of welding machine.

• Welding return cable should not be connected with any scaffold member.

• In case of gas cutting, cylinders shall be mounted on trolley.

• Provide flashback arrestor at the end of cutting torch as well as at cylinder end.

• Apart from mandatory PPEs use of leather hand gloves and welding helmet/shield is must.

Working at Heights

Open shafts in Buildings

Risk of Falling of materials from upper stories

Risk of Electrical Hazards

Risk of Fire

Risk of Stacking of Fuel & inflammable material

Risk during Loading/Unloading of Material/equipments

Risk of Soil & Rock sliding

Risk of Failure of scaffolding

Risk of Failure of Ladders

Risk of Lesser illumination

Want to know more ways to become more productive?

Check out the series of info graph.

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport – Terminal 2 – Structural Engineering -
The new Integrated Terminal Building at Mumbai’s Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport combines international and domestic operations at one of India's busiest airports. Designed to accommodate up to 40 million passengers per year, the 410,000-square-meter facility features a number of structural innovations.

A key feature is a long-span roof covering 70,000 square meters, making it one of the world's largest roofs without an expansion joint. The roof is supported by 30 massive columns spaced at 64 meters in the north–south direction and at 34 meters in the east–west direction. SOM increased the depth of the trusses near the columns, and ran trusses in both an orthogonal grid and a 45-degree grid, resulting in generous spacing and cantilevers of 40 meters along the perimeter. The mega-columns were also designed to serve as hoist mechanisms so the entire roof could be constructed without tower cranes — a measure taken in response to site constraints and the close proximity of an existing terminal.

In addition to its superlative roof, the terminal features the largest and longest cable wall system in the world. Furthermore, the structural design prioritizes modular construction in order to optimize costs and to facilitate an accelerated construction schedule.

http://www.som.com/projects/

Recent Research

AUTHORS: CHARLES BESJAK, PREETAM BISWAS, ALEXANDRA THEWIS, RAYMOND SWEENEY, DAMAYANTI CHAUDHURI
JANUARY 2013

The new Integrated Terminal Building at Mumbai’s Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport combines international and domestic operations at one of the busiest airports in India. The 410,000-square-meter building, being constructed at the site of the existing terminal, will achieve a capacity of 40 million passengers per year upon completion in 2014.

The primary design feature of the building is a long-span roof covering a total of 70,000 square meters over various functional requirements, making it one of the largest roofs in the world without an expansion joint. The Headhouse Roof, supported by only 30 columns spaced at 64 meters in the north–south direction and at 34 meters in the east–west direction, produces a large column-free space ideal for an airport. By increasing the depth of the trusses near the columns and running trusses in both an orthogonal grid and a 45-degree grid, large spacing and cantilevers of 40 meters along the perimeter are achieved with an overall truss depth of only four meters.

In response to the site constraints and proximity of the existing operational terminal building, the mega-columns are also designed to serve as hoist mechanisms, enabling the entire roof to be constructed without tower cranes. The Terminal Building also includes the largest and longest cable wall system in the world. The structural studies completed include solid finite element analysis of connections to optimize material efficiency. Furthermore, the structural design prioritizes modular construction for economy and facilitation of an accelerated construction schedule.

http://www.som.com/ideas/research/

Disaster management is not possible by government alone. It covers a wide range of functions, components and required skills. Some of the important components of the disaster management are planning, organization, management of the activities, management of the rescue operations including the crisis management. For developing skills, it is important that the needs at each level are identified.

Training modules must be prepared in conformity of the National Codes. A team of the trainers need be developed so that the preparedness possibilities are communicated to one and all in the simplest and easily understandable form, without any ambiguity or confusion. The training modules shall have to be developed for the technocrats, the administrators, NGO’s and the residents separately.

The present day mass media can most effectively be used to disseminate the information. The NGO’s are very effective and have a major role to play. Unfortunately in enthusiasm many of their activities become counter-productive. Through training, this vast resource can be used most effectively.

Creating awareness at the school level may prove to be most effective, as the children are very sensitive and most receptive. The children need be provided with ‘survival kits’ developed by various agencies, in the schools itself, so that they follow themselves and help others during emergencies.

Drills need also be carried out in the colonies most venerable.

Disasters will come and go but their impact can certainly be reduced with proper planning, education and training. Participation of one and all at all levels can only help themselves in saving their lives and property.

Uses : Acc Blocks

ACC is a highly thermally insulating concrete-based material used for both internal and external construction. Besides AAC’s insulating capability, one of its advantages in construction is its quick and easy installation, because the material can be routed, sanded, or cut to size on site using standard carbon steel power tools. Even though regular cement mortar can be used, most of the buildings erected with AAC materials use thin bed mortar in thicknesses around 1/8 inch.

Acc Blocks can be used anywhere and any type of building:

Offices
Schools
Hospitals
Ware Houses
Show Rooms
Factories
Workshops
Multi- Storey
Commercial Construction
Gas stations
Labor Camps
Aircraft Hangers
Sports and Recreational Camps

AAC Manufacturing Process

Unlike most of the other concrete applications, AAC is produced using no aggregate larger than sand. Quartz sand, calcined gypsum, lime (mineral), cement and water are used as a binding agent. Aluminum powder is used at a rate of 0.05%–0.08% by volume (depending on the pre-specified density). In some countries, like India and China, fly ash is generated from thermal power plants with the use of 50-65% silica content on an aggregate.

When AAC is mixed and cast in forms, several chemical reactions take place that give AAC its light weight (20% of the weight of concrete) and thermal properties. Aluminum powder reacts with calcium hydroxide and water to form hydrogen. The hydrogen gas foams and doubles the volume of the raw mix creating gas bubbles up to 3mm in diameter. At the end of the foaming process, the hydrogen escapes into the atmosphere and is replaced by air.

When the foams are removed from the material- it is solid but still soft. It is then cut into either blocks or panels and placed in an autoclave chamber for 12 hours. During this steam pressure hardening process, when the temperature reaches 190° Celsius (374° Fahrenheit) and the pressure reaches 8 to 12 bars, quartz sand reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium silica hydrate, which gives AAC its strength along with other unique properties. Because of the relatively low temperature used, ACC blocks are not considered fired brick, but a lightweight concrete masonry unit. After the autoclaving process, the material is ready for immediate use on the construction site. Depending on its density, up to 80% of the volume of an AAC block is air. AAC's low density also accounts for its low structural compression strength. It can carry loads of up to 8 MPa (1,160 PSI), approximately 50% of the compressive strength of regular concrete.